What does the term "NPO" indicate for a patient?

The term "NPO" stands for "Nil Per Os," which is a Latin phrase that translates to "nothing by mouth." This instruction means that a patient should neither eat nor drink anything for a certain period, often in preparation for medical procedures or surgeries. The reason for this directive is typically to prevent any food or liquid from interfering with anesthesia or causing complications during procedures, such as aspiration. Understanding this term is crucial for healthcare professionals, as it directly affects patient safety and procedural outcomes.