What does epistaxis refer to?

Epistaxis specifically refers to bleeding from the nose, which is commonly known as a nosebleed. This condition occurs when the blood vessels in the nasal mucosa become damaged or rupture, leading to bleeding. Nosebleeds can occur for various reasons, including dryness, trauma, and underlying health issues. Knowing this medical terminology is essential for healthcare professionals, as it helps in accurately communicating patient symptoms and understanding potential treatments.

The other options do not relate to epistaxis; swollen lymph nodes are referred to as lymphadenopathy, ear bleeding is known as otorrhagia, and throat irritation would typically be described using different terms, such as pharyngitis or sore throat. Each of these involves different parts of the body and distinct medical conditions, further clarifying that epistaxis is specifically and exclusively connected to nasal bleeding.